Which statement about common ovarian cancer mutations is supported by the material?

• A. MLH1 or MSH2 mutations are common
• B. BRCA1/BRCA2 mutations are not seen
• C. TP53 mutations are never seen
• D. None of the above

Answer: (A)

Mutations in mismatch repair genes, such as MLH1 and MSH2, are described as a common alteration in the ovarian cancer material. These genes, when mutated, lead to microsatellite instability and are associated with Lynch syndrome, which explains their prominent mention in the context of ovarian cancer mutations. This makes the statement about MLH1 or MSH2 being common the best-supported option.

Note that BRCA1/BRCA2 mutations and TP53 mutations are also important in ovarian cancer in many contexts, so statements claiming BRCA1/BRCA2 are not seen or that TP53 mutations never occur don’t align with the broader understanding.