Luminal A breast cancer corresponds to which receptor status?

• A. ER-positive, HER2-negative
• B. ER-positive, HER2-positive
• C. ER-negative, HER2-positive
• D. ER-negative, HER2-negative

Answer: (A)

Luminal A tumors are characterized by estrogen receptor positivity with no overexpression of HER2. This receptor pattern means the cancer is driven by estrogen signaling and tends to be less aggressive, with a better prognosis and strong responsiveness to endocrine therapies such as tamoxifen or aromatase inhibitors. Since HER2 isn’t overexpressed, HER2-targeted treatments aren’t usually needed for this subtype. In contrast, other receptor combos describe more aggressive groups: ER-positive with HER2 positivity (luminal B) often has higher proliferation and may require additional chemotherapy or HER2-directed therapy; ER-negative with HER2 positivity represents the HER2-enriched group; ER-negative and HER2-negative corresponds to triple-negative breast cancer, which lacks targeted hormone or HER2 therapies.